A
crystalline silicate-based zeolite having both cation- and anion-exchange properties in the same structure has been developed
by a novel method as compared to the conventional method of hydrothermal crystallization.
During the synthesis of the zeolite, hydrated (H+) and (OH-) ions are also formed according to
the developed method. According to the morphology of the zeolite, it possesses
both anionic and cationic functional groups in its network wherein hydrated (H+) and (OH-) ions enter
as “modifiers” for the respective functional groups in which they form “ion-pairs” due to their ion-hydration
and electrostatic ion-bonding energies. These hydrated ions neutralize the negative
and positive charges on the polyanionic and polycationic groups forming “cation- and anion- exchange sites” respectively. The cation exchange capacity of 5.25 meq/g and anion exchange capacity of 7.00 meq/g
indicate that the polyanionic sites are less in number than polycationic sites by 30-32 %.
The presence of both polyanionic and polycationic functional groups together in the zeolite as found experimentally
indicate that there are definite negative and positive charges on the network.
The
zeolite is a useful tool for the removal of whole salts from the industrial effluents, for example, in the treatment of TANNERY
effluent with the zeolite, the removal of NaCl, MgSO4 and Na2CrO4 occurred yielding reusable
water.
The
regeneration of the spent zeolite can be done by a simple method developed.
The process
for the manufacture of zeolite is more economical than the conventional process.